ABAWD Definition

Able-Bodied Adult Without Dependents (ABAWD) is a CalFresh recipient, age 18 to 64, who is able-bodied, does not have dependents, and does not meet the criteria for an exemption from the ABAWD time limit.

The Fiscal Responsibility Act (FRA) 2023 gradually increased the upper age limit of those subject to the time limit from 49 through 54. H.R. 1 further changed the definition of an ABAWD to include individuals between the ages of 18 through 64.

Important: For applications and recertifications dated prior to June 1, 2026, the ABAWD age range is 18–54.

ABAWDs are a subset of CalFresh work registrants. ABAWDs subject to the time limit are work registrants who do not qualify for an exemption from the ABAWD time limit. Because ABAWDs are a subset of work registrants, SSBSs must determine work registration status prior to determining whether an individual is an exempt ABAWD or an ABAWD subject to the time limit. An individual determined exempt from work registration at initial application or recertification is not a work registrant. Such individuals are not required to be screened for an exemption from the ABAWD time limit and are not subject to the mandatory ABAWD reporting requirements.

Important: Individuals aged 60 through 64 who are exempt from work registration solely due to age, are still subject to the ABAWD time limit, unless they qualify for another work registration exemption or an ABAWD exemption.

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